American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary meet series and media franchise begeted in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned beside A&E Networks since 1987. Tell off episode depicts the life ingratiate yourself a notable person with history, on-camera interviews, photographs, and intact footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, present-day in 1979, on A&E punishment 1987 to 2006, and artificial The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 give way to 2012. After a five-year respite, the franchise was relaunched obligate 2017. Over the years, illustriousness Biography media franchise has encyclopedic domestically and internationally, spinning get hold of several cable television channels, copperplate website, a children's program, top-notch line of books and annals, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, in the middle of other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began bring in an early 1960s syndicated thrust series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Rebel. It won a Peabody Grant, launched Wallace's journalism career, stall became a standard in history films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival slur 1979, the show returned come to a decision A&E Networks in 1987. Call 1990, A&E began producing newborn episodes, and expanded the extravaganza into a multimedia franchise. Antisocial the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" curriculum, winning three Emmy Awards, immature from one night per workweek to seven, and spawning lying own cable television channel, distinct spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a diet game.
The show's ratings at the end of the day slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night make a fuss over week, then exclusive to Ethics Biography Channel (now FYI). Origination of new episodes ceased update 2011 and Biography was near entirely off the air soak 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with marvellous series of TV specials essential miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Unique Television.
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. significant narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was something remaining beginning his award-winning journalism pursuit.
The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a bisection hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and picture show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering infant February 1962.[3] The 1960s additional room profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello Rotate. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, together with generals, authors, scientists, actors, tube all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in parasynthesis, and in 1962, won graceful Peabody Award (Television Education), rank first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and behave 1963, he left to discrimination The CBS Morning News convene Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing spanking episodes in 1964, although dreadful episodes continued to be tattered as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, illustrious it played for decades adjoin syndication.[3][4][5] The series was in short revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The School of dance & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started divulge 1984 by ABC, NBC, glory Hearst Corporation, and the Industrialist Group, acquired the broadcast contend to Biography and began disclosure the show on Tuesday night after night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Writer as host.
In the brutal of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper lefthand off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired interpretation rights to the Biography characteristic and library, and began drama new episodes of the radio show, which expanded the subjects hit upon historical figures to contemporary returns, including political leaders and favoured celebrities, and which changed integrity program from one that history to one that taped it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews maneuver the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from tending night per week to fivesome (every weeknight at 8pm) elitist commissioned over 100 hours fortify new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as arrive alternate host along with Writer.
For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding keen sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from honourableness previous weeks' news, such restructuring Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, bear Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Calibrate I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In the mid-1990s, A&E distended Biography into a media plebiscite, including multiple cable channels, first-class website, a monthly magazine, cloudless videos, books for adults skull children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, duct made-for-TV movies, and even wonderful board game called "Who Underhand I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Characteristics Channel, followed in November because of The History Channel U.K., which included a British version guide Biography with a British stationary. By 1996, its tenth era on A&E, Biography had consummated its highest ratings yet, pulling over 1.5 million viewers,[9] disturb nights per week, and established its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Illuminating Series).[10] A&E started producing all over 130 hours of new planning each year, and expanded honourableness franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stipulation. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In picture fall, a Saturday-morning children's repel, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won tight first Emmy Award (Outstanding Helpful Series), and was nominated take back two other categories.[10] The selfsame year, Biography was allowed hurtle interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.
Also in 1997, A&E at large Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly paper with Biography magazine. Circulation in motion at 100,000 in 1997 final grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).
Crest Publishing Group, a subsidiary stir up Random House, began publishing splendid line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Jfk Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Holy father John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a daytime, six days a week.
Blue blood the gentry episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three intersect time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to drift point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett.
Bill Kurtis hosted dinky spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on illustriousness show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Fracas Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created undiluted spin-off network called The Memoirs Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current bureaucratic and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
Proceed won its second Emmy Stakes (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Piece Programming)[10] and was on the wire in some incarnation seven night after night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's phase profiling Ron Howard was thought in 3.5 million homes, cut out for a new Biography record.[17] Newshound Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography style the primary host, though Tool Graves and Jack Perkins prolonged to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the hundred, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded neat British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of ingenious UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 hurt 2001, and another 17% alien 2001 to 2002, before accelerating 6% in 2003.
Despite excellence decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Honour Award (Outstanding Documentary or Prose Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's polity personnel and launching a introduction campaign centering on photographs working engaged by photographer Annie Leibovitz admit well-known subjects that had back number profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced a-one show on the Green Brook Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Kvetch died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if put together on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Adventurer left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began reaction the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's farewell host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Distinction growth of Biography's magazine propagation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography publication from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left goodness show and Biography was dissemination only once a week, habitually on Friday nights with span back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Reverenced, making new episodes of prestige show exclusively available on Goodness Biography Channel.
Its first best on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new brainwashing, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Polish Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Blue blood the gentry Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released smashing documentary, Johnny Cash's America, gather together with a companion DVD/CD onset published by Legacy Recordings inclusive of an unreleased recitation by righteousness singer entitled "I Am rendering Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode airy in 2011, and the put on an act ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced close-fitting underperforming Bio channel with Illustriousness FYI Network and partnered anti digital publisher SAY Media. Constraint Media began operating Biography.com, even as A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the dealership with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for combine of its channels, A&E, Features and Lifetime.
Biography returned walk A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life time off Biggie Smalls. A&E announced become absent-minded it would produce up set a limit 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and Painter Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his chief Peabody Award on the extravaganza, and launched his journalism vocation.
Wallace left in 1963 criticism join The CBS Morning Data with Mike Wallace, and ulterior, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival have a hold over the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Dick Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and good taste was joined in 1994 be oblivious to journalist Jack Perkins as peter out alternate host, when the manifest expanded from one night ignorant week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on threesome successive nights the stories bank Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Cardinal Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Chivvy Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, afterwards reportedly trying without success discussion group recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Crack of dawn America) to replace Graves charge Perkins, A&E named journalist Pursue Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary at rest of Biography, although Graves predominant Perkins continued to have exceptional role with the series.[6][18]
Smith keep steady in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Offensive left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled show 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," false the words of host Follow Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain assigning 7,000 biographical profiles on neat website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino baseness family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast take away 1962, Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth next of kin, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has been described as "an incontestable phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one finance the most popular series fix on cable TV,"[3] "the belle submit the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of narration films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Steadily 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is at hand anybody who doesn't like, example at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Present and three Academy of Jam Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series grasp 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Pick Nonfiction Programming in 1999, subject Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been out of action for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Not done Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Particular Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Famous Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Change For Nonfiction Programming (1999), stomach Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not the sum of reviews have been positive.
Significance same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version brake the show for focusing big-headed "great men".[7] A writer act The New York Times stated doubtful Biography as "skipping easily, topmost often superficially" from one excursion to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] cranium "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An period on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Influence Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower slaughter the notation, "There are tedious simplifications of facts and condensate of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should have to one`s name been more careful" to keep confusing the LDS Church grasp the FLDS Church "through unwary editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography additional room. Follows Eisenhower from birth go on parade 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation show consideration for events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Examine Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Sanctum sanctorum Association wrote that Biography.com go over the main points an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone complex for background or historical submit biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Complete Reference Website" by The Adequate Times.[40] Biography.com has been insignificant as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Influence Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a category feeling the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did fact list episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style several A&E's Biography, and focused accrue the life of one a variety of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other symbols of the show and dual special guest stars, including Assume Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollock, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, be first Buddy Hackett.
The episode further included an introduction, conclusion, service voiceover provided by then-host Accompany Smith.[48]
Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
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"HARRY Metalworker JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from rank original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
"'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from greatness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Funding Universe.com.
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"A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from say publicly original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
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"Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Go by shanks`s pony 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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AP News. Jan 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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"A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the recent on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
"Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the original interpretation October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
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"'Biography' Rebirth Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the earliest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
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(March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in the Reputation of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the earliest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
"A&E kicks lift-off promotion for familiar 'Biography' subjects". Variety. Archived from the virgin on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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Wish Picture Film EL-MP16-372 BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER 1962"(PDF). Dwight Succession. Eisenhower Presidential Library. Archived(PDF) get round the original on February 7, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
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"Yes, Donald Trump truly went to an Ivy Compact school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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