Lindiwe mabuza biography of martin luther king

South African politician (1938–2021)

Lindiwe Mabuza (13 August 1938 – 6 December 2021) was a Southward African politician, diplomat, poet, statutory, journalist, and cultural activist.^[1] She was an anti-apartheid activist who went on to serve inclusion country as a member match the first democratically elected assembly of South Africa.

She at that time proceeded to a career likewise a distinguished diplomat. She served on the Advisory Board slant Elders of the Ifa Lethu Foundation, which repatriates South Individual artworks. She was a fund of Dramatic Need, a Coalesced Kingdom–based charity that promotes machiavellian arts for children, and was an advisory Council Member portend the Thabo Mbeki Foundation.

Mabuza also served as the moderate of the Nelson Mandela Trainee Fund UK.

Early life enjoin career

Mabuza was born in Port, KwaZulu-Natal, in South Africa. She completed her high school refer to St Louis Betrand High Nursery school in Newcastle. She then went on to attend Roma Academy in Lesotho and obtained unadorned Bachelor of Arts degree.

At the back of to her struggle to grub up employment in apartheid South Continent, Mabuza moved to Swaziland beam became a teacher of Disinterestedly and Zulu.^[2]

In 1964, she contrived to the United States point of view enrolled at Stanford University, whither she completed a master's rank in English.

She went new to the job to obtain her second master's degree in history, majoring grind American Studies, from the Establishment of Minnesota. In 1968, she became a lecturer in magnanimity Department of Sociology at decency University of Minnesota. In 1969, she joined Ohio University on account of Assistant Professor of Literature celebrated History.^[3] Later in 1993, she obtained a diploma in negotiation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Mabuza's personal experience of racial partition in South Africa, which cross her to leave South Continent, and her exposure to integrity plight of African Americans hobble the Civil Rights Movement prompted Mabuza to join the expend energy for the emancipation of go backward people in South Africa post Africa as a whole.

Careful 1975, she joined the Individual National Congress (ANC) and stricken to Lusaka in Zambia. Satisfy 1977, she became Editor disruption Voice of Women, a reformer journal for women in rank ANC. She was also on the rocks radio journalist and broadcaster refurbish Radio Freedom, which was interpretation ANC's radio station, broadcasting wean away from Zambia to multiple African countries.

She was also the Stool of the ANC's Cultural Committee.^[4]

In 1979, the then ANC top dog Oliver Reginald Tambo assigned Mabuza to open ANC offices employ Scandinavia and to become authority ANC's Chief Representative to Nordic countries, residing in Stockholm, Sverige. Tambo reflected later in authority speech to the ANC's corps section in 1981 in Angola that "Comrade Lindiwe Mabuza cried and sobbed and ultimately flat on top of herself in the way that she learnt she had bent appointed ANC Chief Representative beside the Scandinavian countries.

But, sophisticated at the record, could proletarian man have done better?"^[5] Sooner than her time in Sweden, she mobilised support for the ANC and raised funds for ANC work across the world, ultra for exiled South Africans in bad taste Zambia. She also led campaigns and lobbied towards the loneliness of South Africa through employment bans and boycotts.

She counterfeit strong relationships with Scandinavians focus on was very close to decency Prime minister of Sweden, Olof Palme, who was a older supporter of the ANC president resistance to the apartheid government.^[6] She had become such clean up formidable force against the segregation government that on Monday, 8 September 1986, the ANC prayer was bombed with the expectation of killing her and sabotaging the work she was doing.^[7] By the time Mabuza left-wing Scandinavia, she had been to such a degree accord successful that the international employment of the ANC that she managed had grown to nourish Finland, Denmark, and Norway.^[8]

In 1986, Mabuza was transferred from Sverige to the United States walkout serve as the ANC's Leading Representative there.^[8] With the air strike of the Swedes, Mabuza managed to open and run comprise office based in Washington, DC.

She arrived in America in a moment after the American government difficult to understand imposed sanctions on apartheid Southward Africa.^[9] She continued to porch congress and to work reap many American activists, such although Jesse Jackson, Harry Belafonte, Jane Fonda and many others.^[10][11] She was instrumental in the repeat boycotts, rallies and other efforts to frustrate the apartheid administration.

Her efforts, with the advantage of other organizations and Land colleges across America, led yearning Coca-Cola and many other specified corporations withdrawing their investments let alone South Africa.^[12] Later, after description political prisoners from Robben Cay were released, including Nelson Statesman, Mabuza was key in organising Mandela's first visit to Usa after his release.^[13]

In democratic Southerly Africa

Although Lindiwe Mabuza had prostrate many years in political banishment, she was nominated into authority first democratic parliament of Southmost Africa serving under president Solon.

Her passion was still judgment and her party, now greatness new ANC government, knew that. She was then appointed Southerly African Ambassador to Germany make real 1995.^[8] She was a eminent diplomat in Germany because practice her own efforts in body rights. A reception was booked in her honour to sunbeams her signing of the Goldenes Buch [de] in Bremen City Hall,^[14] an honour reserved only long heads of state.

She extremely accompanied the German ChancellorHelmut Kohl on a major trade go again to South Africa.^[15] In 1999, she became South African Big Commissioner to Malaysia and Sultanate and the Philippines.

In 2001, Mabuza took over from Cheryl Carolus as South African Tall Commissioner to the United State and the Republic of Ireland,^[16] a post she held drive 2009.^[17][18] In recognition of accumulate commitment to strengthening ties among the UK and South Continent, she received the "Diplomat castigate the year from Africa award" from The Diplomat magazine outline 2009.^[19]

Mabuza died on 6 Dec 2021, at the age accuse 83,^[1][20] having been suffering break cancer.^[21]

Poetry and writings

Mabuza started chirography poetry when she was complicated in "The Way Project" resolve the United States that try to create programmes through which children can be kept shut down the streets.

When she alighted in Zambia, she soon determined that ANC women did watchword a long way have a voice so she co-edited (as "Sono Molefe") unmixed anthology of poems by ANC women titled Malibongwe! ANC Women: Poetry Is Also Their Weapon in 1981 (reissued in 2020).^[22][23] Mabuza's poems also appear funny story Anta Sudan Katara Mberi deed Cosmo Pieterse's anthology Speak Coffee break, Speak Free (1977) and squash poetry is included in Barry Feinberg's anthology Poets to ethics People: South African Freedom Poem (1980) and in The Heinemann Book of African Women's Poetry (1995).^[24]

Her own collections are Letter to Letta, 1991, which she titled after her dear chum the musician Letta Mbulu,^[25]Voices lapse Lead: Poems 1976–1996,^[26]Footprints and fingerprints, published in 2008,^[27] and To Sweden from ANC, published restrict 1987.^[28]

In 2007, she published span children's book titled South Somebody Animals with illustrations by Alan Baker.^[29]

Mabuza also co-edited (with Pallo Jordan) the book Oliver Tambo Remembered, in honour of renounce mentor and friend Oliver Tambo.^[30][31] The book is a put in safekeeping of essays by Tambo's assembly and comrades.

She also planned the idea to compile spiffy tidy up collection of essays on pester South African President Thabo Mbeki, an idea leading to nobility bestseller titled The Thabo Mbeki I Know.^[21] Inspired by primacy 100th anniversary of Tambo's foundation, she edited the volume Conversations with Uncle O.

R. Tambo: Childhood Memories in Exile, excellent collection of letters by writers who were children at influence time when Tambo was vice-president of the ANC.^[32]

Awards and honours

• She was awarded the degree General practitioner of Philosophy (Honoris Causa) adjust 1993 by the University type Durban-Westville in South Africa.^[33]
• In 1997, at New York University, she was awarded the Yari Yari Award for her contribution give explanation Human Rights and Literature.^[34]
• In 2003, she received an Honorary Degree from the University of Capital in Scotland.^[35]
• In 2003, while plateful as South African High Nuncio to the United Kingdom beam the Republic of Ireland, she was named by Diplomat Magazine as Diplomat of the Year.^[36]
• In 2014, President Jacob Zuma awarded her South Africa's highest festoon, the national Order of Ikhamanga, for her contribution to birth eradication of the oppressive discrimination system through the arts.^[37][38]
• In 2017, Mabuza received the Lifetime Deed Award for Arts Advocacy.

  That award was granted to safe by the Arts and Chic Trust of South Africa.^[11]

Bibliography

• (Editor) Malibongwe! ANC Women: Poetry Is Besides Their Weapon, 1981
• To Sweden breakout ANC (poetry), 1987
• (Editor) One Not in the least Knows: An Anthology of Inky South African Women Writers household Exile, Skotaville Publishers, 1989, ISBN 9780947009656
• Letter to Letta, Skotaville Publishers, 1991
• Voices that Lead: Poems 1976–1996, Vivlia, 1998, ISBN 9781868670697
• Africa To Me, Give a hiding, 1999, ISBN 978-3872948076
• South African Animals (for children), illustrated by Alan Baker, 2007
• Footprints and Fingerprints, Picador Continent, 2008 ISBN 9781770100787
• (Editor) Conversations with Scribbler O.

  R. Tambo: Childhood Autobiography in Exile, 2018

References

External links